The well-known story of the three Magi bringing gifts to the newborn baby in Bethlehem is a cherished vision, but the value of those gifts is often underrated by those who don’t understand how priceless these essences were to people living in those regions of the world during the first century.

Ancient medical documents dating back to 1500 B.C. list frankincense, as well as myrrh, as remedies for certain illnesses. Frankincense oil held a regal position next to gold in that society (though the oil was not obtained in the same way as we do modern distillation); it was used to treat skin blemishes and wrinkles, as well as viral infections and depression [1].

Frankincense (Boswellia carteri) is closely related to myrrh (Commiphora myrrha); both are species of balsams. There are actually four species of frankincense tree harvested for their resin, all of them balsams that grow in very rocky soil or scree [2]; some frankincense trees have even adapted to grow on bare rock by forming a bulbous growth at the base of their trunks that adheres to the stone by  an unknown mechanism. Resin is traditionally harvested from frankincense trees by stripping — making slashes in the bark — and allowing the resin to be secreted and harden into nodules called tears [2]. The dried resin is harvested from these small knotted balsam trees, and then distilled to produce an essential oil.

Boswellia carteri, also known as olibanum from the Arabic word for the resin, al lubban, originated in the Middle East and Africa and has been known as an incense and medicine in this part of the world for at least 5000 years [2]. It was a component of the holy ketoret incense used by the Hebrews in the Old Testament Bible, where it was sometimes mixed with labdanum and styrax resin before being burned on a charcoal brazier [2].

The use of frankincense is well documented during Biblical times to treat a number of physical as well as spiritual issues. The oil or resin incense is renowned for inducing feelings of the spiritual when its aroma is inhaled, and aromatherapists now recommend frankincense as a calmative for soothing stress, anxious states of mind, and restoring mental equilibrium [1]. Frankincense essential oil can be inhaled from a diffuser or straight from the bottle to combat stress or in anticipation of a stressful episode. Research has been done to suggest that incensole acetate, a compound in frankincense that is released when the resin is burned, produces antidepressant effects on mice by affecting gene activity in the hippocampus [3] — a key brain structure involved in regulating basic drives, including responses to threatening situations [4].

Frankincense oil is also helpful on the physical plane: the oil’s general properties are astringent, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, carminative, cicatrisant, cytophylactic (encourages the regeneration of cells), digestive tonic, diuretic, emmenagogue, tonic, and vulnerary [1]. The oil is probably best known as an astringent that can firm up the skin when applied in a cream or oil blend, reducing the appearance of wrinkles, fine lines, stretch marks, boils, acne and even scars [1]. Frankincense oil is also a broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory agent that is especially helpful for easing painful menstruation by encouraging blood flow, as well as pain in muscles and joints.

In fact, studies on the anti-inflammatory compounds in frankincense resin suggest it may offer pain relief comparable to that of conventional NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) for osteoarthritis pain [5]. A randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study of a commercial frankincense extract (5-Loxin) marketed for treating osteoarthritis pain found that subjects given the frankincense extract, at either 100mg or 250 mg per day over the 90-day trial period, reported significant relief of pain compared to those in the placebo group that did not receive frankincense extract. The researchers reported no toxic effects from chronic administration of the frankincense extract and suggested it is safe for human consumption [5].

New research is also exploring the ability of frankincense oil to stimulate human growth hormone (HGH) production in the pituitary gland at the base of the brain [6]. The pituitary gland slows down the production of HGH after the age of thirty, so the body begins to show signs of aging.

Facial lines and creases, as well as sags and wrinkles begin to surface as HGH production slows down, but when frankincense oil is used, wrinkles seem to disappear. Compounds known as sesquiterpenes that are found in frankincense oil, as well as myrrh, clary sage, and sandalwood oil, work to fortify the limbic system [6], stimulating the key glands that secrete the hormones responsible not only for regulating the aging process, but for regulating the health of the cells in all organs in the body. Reducing wrinkles is one of frankincense oil’s strong points; all the better if it is a function of restored hormone functions in the body.

REFERENCES

1. Health Benefits of Frankincense Oil”. Organic Facts. Accessed July 8th, 2014. http://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/essential-oils/health-benefits-of-frankincense-essential-oil.html.

2. “Frankincense”. Wikipedia. Last modified July 5th, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankincense#Description.

3. Moussaief A, M Gross, E Nesher, T Tikhonov, G Yadid, A Pinhasov. 2012. “Incensole acetate reduces depressive-like behavior and modulates hippocampal BDNF and CRF expression of submissive animals”. Journal of Psychopharmacology 26 (12): 1584-93.

4. “Fear Processing | Hypothalamus”. Wikipedia. Last modified June 5th, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamus#Fear_processing.

5. Sengupta, Krishanu; Krishnaraju V Alluri; Andey Rama Satish; Simanchala Mishra; Trimirtulu Golakoti; Kadainti VS Sarma; Dipak Dey: and Siba P Raychaudhuri. July 30th, 2008. “A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study for the efficacy and safety of 5-Loxin ® for treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee”. Arthritis Research and Therapy 10: R85.

6. “The Real Story Behind Growth Hormone: Can It Safely Reverse Aging? Part II”. The Real Essentials. Accessed July 8th, 2014. http://www.therealessentials.com/hgh2.html.

Many people suffer from headaches and migraines, and these conditions can be more than troublesome or aggravating; often, these conditions become debilitating. Tension headaches and sinus headaches can be extremely painful and significantly diminish a person’s quality of life. Migraines, when severe, can completely put a person’s life on hold. Migraine symptoms such as nausea, light sensitivity, and a relentless headache can seriously, negatively impact an individual’s professional and personal life. If you are a headache or migraine sufferer, you may want to consider a natural treatment remedy such as peppermint oil.

If you currently use over-the-counter or prescription medications to treat headaches and migraines, you may be exposing yourself to harmful chemicals. The chemicals in these medications can cause future health problems such as  hypertension (high blood pressure), stomach bleeding or ulcers, renal insufficiency, liver and heart problems [1]. While the occasional use of painkillers such as NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) is unlikely to seriously increase one’s health risks, health complications can arise when painkiller use becomes chronic. This is where peppermint essential oil comes in: aromatherapy oils, such as peppermint or lavender, can naturally provide headache and migraine relief without potentially harmful long-term effects.

One of the most popular herbs used in alternative medicine for its gentle effects, peppermint (Mentha x piperita) is a cross between two wild mints, water mint and spearmint. The plant itself has spear-shaped, serrated green leaves and small clusters of purple or white flowers. While peppermint is sometimes found growing in the wild near these two plants, like most hybrids it is usually sterile and must be propagated by humans [2]. The main constituent of peppermint oil is menthol (7-48% of the oil): menthol has a direct cooling effect on the tissues of the body it comes into contact with, making it useful for the direct relief of pain and tissue irritation. The other constituents in peppermint oil include menthone, menthyl acetate, menthofuran, and 1,8-cineol [2].

Peppermint oil can be massaged into the forehead, back of the jaw, and temples, and users will experience a cooling sensation on contact. Within 30 minutes, individuals should feel relief from their headache or migraine. Everyone’s sensitivity levels are different, but peppermint oil can be slightly irritating to the skin. It is recommended to use this oil on a patch of skin first to test for any adverse reactions. If no adverse reactions occur, the oil should be safe to use topically for the effective treatment of headaches and migraines.

There are also several complementary techniques for the prevention and alternative treatment of headache and migraines. Some experts estimate that up to 90% of all non-migraine headaches are tension headaches caused by stress and eye strain [3], often from excessive screen time in front of the computer — something most of us are probably prey to these days at one point or other! The good news is that you can take simple steps to reduce and even prevent most headaches by taking screen breaks at least once per hour during the workday, maintaining a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and — perhaps most importantly — ensuring adequate sleep of at least 7 to 8 hours a night. Limiting caffeine and alcohol intake and practicing relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation and stretching can also do wonders to decrease the frequency of headaches [3].

Sometimes, especially in the case of migraines, headaches require professional treatment. A couple of promising alternative headache treatments are acupuncture and biofeedback. Acupuncture uses thin needles placed just under the skin to activate the flow of chi, or life force, in the body and remove the blockages in chi believed to cause pain [3]. Biofeedback measures biometrics such as blood flow, muscle tension and skin electricity while a person is experiencing a headache, as well as the intervals between when they are pain free. The goal of biofeedback is to train the person to recognize the sensations that accompany their headaches so they can learn to control them using relaxation techniques [3].

Peppermint essential oil and peppermint tea are thought to help headaches by acting as anti-inflammatory and direct analgesic agents [4]. These actions also make peppermint helpful for treating other types of tissue irritation. Peppermint tea is highly useful for treating occasional indigestion, gas, and stomach upset, and peppermint is listed in the German Commission E’s pharmacopoeia for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), nasal catarrh, and relieving inflammation of the oral mucosa (mucus membranes) [4]. Peppermint essential oil can be used topically in a carrier oil to treat indigestion via abdominal massage, as well as myalgia (muscle pain) and neuralgia (nerve pain) [4].

Although very beneficial for adults, peppermint oil should not be used on children, especially topically around the face, chest and nasal passages. The menthol content in peppermint oil can cause apnea, respiratory spasm, and even respiratory arrest in children [2]. Some people can be sensitized to topical use of peppermint oil, showing a slight rash from frequently using the straight oil undiluted. If you find that topical use of the oil helps your headache or migraine, but causes a slight skin irritation, then you can still use the oil diluted in a carrier oil like jojoba or olive oil to keep your skin protected.

REFERENCES

1. Sengupta, Krishanu; Krishnaraju V Alluri; Andey Rama Satish; Simanchala Mishra; Trimirtulu Golakoti; Kadainti VS Sarma; Dipak Dey: and Siba P Raychaudhuri. July 30th, 2008. “A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study for the efficacy and safety of 5-Loxin ® for treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee”. Arthritis Research and Therapy 10: R85.

2. “Peppermint” Wikipedia. Last modified July 6th, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peppermint.

3. “Health and Balance | Alternative Treatments for Headaches and Migraines”. WebMD. Accessed July 9th, 2014. http://www.webmd.com/balance/nontraditional-headache-treatments.

4. Keifer D., Ulbricht C., Abrams T., Basch E., Giese N., Giles M., DeFranco Kirkwood C., Miranda M., Woods J.”Peppermint (Mentha xpiperita): An evidence-based systematic review by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration.” Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy 7 (2) (pp 91-143), 2007.

The daily demands and pressures of life can be quite distressing, in particular those demands that are work related. Work-related stress is a fact of life with which most individuals deal. Work-related stress not only negatively impacts work performance, but it can also adversely affect personal relationships as well. Stress from work can lead to fatigue, aching muscles, headaches, stomach problems, and emotional difficulties such as anxiety or depression. When you need to relieve work-related stress, you may want to consider using lavender oil.

Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae, with narrow evergreen leaves and upright, brilliant purple flowers which produce a richly aromatic essential oil. Native to Western Europe and the Mediterranean, lavender has been used in perfumery, as food, and as medicine at least since Biblical times; lavender was formerly named Lavandula officinalis due to its medicinal use [1].

Lavender oil is often held up as the most popular essential oil in the world, and there is a good reason why it has remained a staple in aromatherapy. The compounds in pure lavender oil provide antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, carminative, sedative and antidepressant effects [2]. The main therapeutically active compounds in lavender essential oil are borneol, 1,8-cineol, and camphor; it may sound like a simple combination, but research has shown that lavender oil possesses antibacterial activity even against some bacteria that are resistant to conventional antibiotics [2]. Other compounds in lavender oil include a-pinene, geraniol, limonene, p-ocimene, caproic acid, linalool, and linalyl acetate. Along with producing the sweet, woody-spicy scent of lavender [3], these last two compounds are also thought to give lavender essential oil its notable stress-relieving properties [4].

Using natural ingredients to combat the ill effects of stress is both safe and effective. Treating stress with chemicals, such as those found in antidepressants and over-the-counter medications, can be counterproductive to one’s overall health. Since many medications carry with them warnings of dangerous potential side effects, it seems only rational to opt for natural alternatives instead. Reducing work-related stress naturally can be better for your physical, mental, and emotional health.

Pure lavender essential oil contains linalool and linalyl acetate, two compounds that have been studied for their stress-relieving effects in mammals, including humans. Both lavender oil and its calming compounds, linalool and linalyl acetate, have been show to have sedating and anxiolytic effects in rodents [4, 5]; lavender oil also extends phenobarbital-induced sleep duration and prevents convulsions in mice [4]. Although researchers haven’t determined the mechanism behind these effects, one hypothesis is that the compounds in lavender oil interact with the brain’s GABA neurotransmitters, with regulate feelings of calm and sedation [4]. Additionally, lavender oil has been found to inhibit release of the stimulant neurotransmitter glutamate in the rat cerebral cortex [4].

The calming effects of lavender oil have also been studied in human subjects. Capsules of diluted essential oil of lavender have been approved as an anxiolytic in Germany under the name Silexan. A 2010 study comparing the anxiolytic effect of Silexan to conventional  drugs in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder found that the lavender essential oil capsules had an anxiolytic effect comparable to that of a low dose of Lorazepam, a conventional anti-anxiety drug [6].

There are many ways in which lavender oil can be used to reduce work-related stress. The fragrant, calming vapors of this oil can be inhaled directly or the oil can be added to a hot bath. Most people can apply lavender oil directly on the skin without a carrier oil, but you may find after a patch test that you prefer to dilute the lavender oil with some jojoba or another base oil. The oil from the lavender plant produces a calm, soothing, and sedative effect that can restore balance to the nervous system, thereby promoting relaxation and uplifting one’s mood. It also blends well with other calming and uplifting essential oils such as neroli, jasmine, geranium, and ylang-ylang.

REFERENCES

1. “Lavandula angustifolia”. Wikipedia. Last modified March 29th, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavandula_angustifolia.

2. P Abroomand Azar, M. Torabbeigi, A Sharifan, M.S. Tehrani. April 17th, 2011. “Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Lavandula angustifolia isolated by solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction and hydrodistillation”. Journal of Food Biosciences and Technology: 19-24.

3. “Linalool”. Wikipedia. Last modified June 17th, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linalool.

4. Combest, Wendell L. “Alternative Therapies: Lavender.” U.S. Pharmacist. Accessed July 18th, 2014.  http://legacy.uspharmacist.com/oldformat.asp?url=newlook/files/Alte/lavender.cfm&pub_id=8&article_id=401.

5. Nakamura Akio, S. Fujiwara, I. Matsumoto, and K. Abe. May 20th, 2009. “Stress repression in restrained rats by R-(-)-Linalool inhalation and gene expression profiling of their whole blood cells”. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57 (12): 5480-85.

6. Woelk, H, and S Schläfke. 2010. “A multi-center, double-blind, randomized study of the lavender oil preparation Silexan in comparison to Lorazepam for generalized anxiety disorder”. Phytomedicine 17 (2): 94-99.

Humankind’s connection with nature is well documented through the centuries. Plants and trees have played a vital role in human mental and physical wellness, and they continue to present new avenues for general well-being and emotional stability. Angelica oil has been used for over five hundred years to cure a variety of physical issues, especially when flatulence and stomach issues create discomfort [1].

The angelica plant (Angelica archangelica) is native to European countries in colder climates such as Russia, Lithuania, and Norway [2]. Even the inhabitants of Iceland have had a close relationship with the angelica plant through the years. In Lapland the plant was considered inspirational, and in Norway it was used to make bread. The French developed liquor from the plant and also used it to flavor absinthe. Angelica has also been frequently associated with magical protection; one explanation for its Latin name, A. archangelica, states that the archangel Michael legendarily passed the plant down to humanity for its healing qualities [3].

Also known as Holy Ghost Plant, Wild Celery, and Garden Angelica, angelica is a flowering biennial plant in the Apiaceae family. It grows a tall upright stalk with an almost spherical cluster of white or greenish flowers at the apex [2]. Although angelica is traditionally gathered in the wild for use in medicine and cuisine, it is best to always get your angelica from a trusted vendor, as it can be similar in appearance to several toxic species [2]. Angelica essential oil is distilled from the plant’s seeds, and blends well with rich, pungent oils such as clary sage, labdanum, oakmoss, opoponax, patchouli, vetiver, and citrus oils.

Angelica oil contains a diverse variety of compounds, most notably a-pinene, b-pinene, camphene, sabinene, d-3-carene, a-phellandrene, b-phellandrene, myrcene, cis-ocimene, trans-ocimene, p-cymene, terpinolene, copaene, bornyl acetate, terpinen-4-ol, cryptone, b-bisabolene, humulene monoxide, tridecandolide, and pentadecanolide [4].   These compounds give angelica essential oil antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects [1].

Angelica oil is well known for relieving joint pain, indigestion, flatulence, bronchitis, and some reproductive issues in women [1]. Modern herbalists continue to rely on angelica oil to relieve muscle aches, rheumatoid arthritis pain, and stomach ailments. This essential oil is also used in lotions, soaps, and perfumes, but the aromatherapy value of angelica oil, especially when it is combined with sandalwood, myrrh, cedarwood, and frankincense, continues to increase as more people become aware of its healing qualities.

The fragrance of angelica oil is known to produce a sense of well-being. Negative feelings and emotions are released, especially when a traumatic event disrupts normal life experiences. This essential oil is used to connect the physical consciousness with the spiritual consciousness in some cultures, and that practice is growing in popularity due to the history of the plant and the oil. Some cultures even call it “The Holy Ghost Oil.”

The Chinese use angelica oil to promote fertility, and it is currently listed in the British Herbal Pharmacopoeia as a remedy for bronchitis, and a catalyst to increase circulation [1]. Other studies show that the oil has a positive effect on the adrenal glands. It can be also used as a nervine tonic when it is massaged into the solar plexus. The carminative effect of angelica oil strengthens the digestive system, and rebuilds body strength when a chronic illness depletes one’s energy [1].

It’s always best to test a small amount of angelica oil for skin sensitivity. It may be phototoxic, so the ultraviolet rays of the sun should be avoided when angelica oil has been applied to exposed skin [4]. The internal use of angelica oil may also interfere with anticoagulant drugs. Aromatherapists rely on the oil as an antispasmodic, diaphoretic, expectorant, diuretic, and depurative that can ease the discomfort of internal as well as external issues [1]. The essential oil from the root of the angelica plant is non-toxic and a valuable remedy. It has effectively earned the title, “The Oil of Angels” in the Western World.

REFERENCES

1. Lawless, Julia. 1995. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Essential Oils: The Complete Guide to the Use of Aromatic Oils in Aromatherapy and Herbalism. Rockport, MA: Element Books.

2. “Angelica archangelica”. Wikipedia. Last modified June 15th, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelica_archangelica.

3. Grieve, M. “A Modern Herbal | Angelica”. Accessed July 22nd, 2014. http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/a/anegl037.html.

4. “Angelica Essential Oil”. AromaWeb. Accessed July 22nd, 2014. http://www.aromaweb.com/essential-oils/angelica-root-oil.asp.

The phrase “what’s old is new again” certainly fits as a description for what the Greeks called “Gold of the Sun.” Helichrysum, from the flowers of the species Helichrysum angustifolium and Helichrysum italicum, has been used for centuries to create an oil that has cicatrisant properties to reduce scar tissue [1]. The chemical constituents in helichrysum oil, including linalool, limonene, a-pinene, geraniol, camphene, nerol, 1,8-cineole, terpinen-4-ol, neryl acetate, vitalidone, and eugenol, also have the ability to treat arthritis, respiratory conditions such as sinus infections and coughing, and may enhance tissue regeneration [1].

Helichrysum italicum is a flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae, with small yellow flowers, woody stems, and thready leaves that exude a powerful, curry-like scent when rubbed [2]. For this reason, helichrysum is sometimes called the curry plant, even though it is not related to the Asian curry tree, Murraya koenigii, and is not part of the curry spice mix used in Indian masalas [2]! However, the young leaves and shoots of the helichrysum plant are used in Mediterranean cooking to add flavor to fish, meat, and vegetable dishes. The leaves are stewed and then removed before serving, similar to bay laurel leaves [2].

Native to Mediterranean areas of France, Italy and few a neighboring countries, helichrysum prefers to grow in rocky or sandy soil. It is sometimes also called Corsican helichrysum because it grows abundantly on that island. Corsican helichrysum is particularly high in nerol, neryl acetate, and y-cucurmene, three compounds with excellent cell-regenerative qualities for the skin [3].

Most people in the U.S. aren’t familiar with this incredible oil, but other parts of the world know about helichrysum oil and its ability to relieve mental exhaustion, stress, and mild depression. Plus, it stimulates the right hemisphere of the brain, which enhances artistic and creative expression. With a strong fruity/straw scent, light yellow to red color and thin texture, this aromatic herb makes a low-key but highly effective remedy for stomach spasms, allergies, and excess water retention [4].

This essential oil can help heal stretch marks, skin blemishes, and scars due to wounds, boils, and rashes [3]. Muscle aches and pains as well as digestive issues are relieved when the oil is diluted in a bath or inhaled during aromatherapy [4]. A few drops of helichrysum oil and rose hip oil can banish acne and heal wounds with minimal scarring. Some loyal users claim it reduces signs of aging by keeping the skin smooth and wrinkle free.

One of the main constituents of this essential oil is neryl acetate, which acts as a muscle relaxant as well as an anti-spasmodic agent [3]. A relatively rare essential oil compound, neryl acetate is found in concentration in Corsican helichrysum essential oil. It has powerful antispasmodic action that can be useful for easing stomach cramps, excessive coughing, and muscle pain [3]. Neryl acetate also works in tandem with the eugenol, linalool, and limonene in helichrysum oil to produce skin-healing effects and aid tissue regeneration in internal organs [1].

A few drops of the oil on burns as soon after the incident as possible will speed up the healing process. When impact injuries occur, apply the oil as quickly as possible to reduce swelling and reduce the healing time. Helichrysum oil is the only essential oil that contains di-ketones, which play a major role in scar tissue reduction and skin healing [1].

Some wounds heal with no scarring, especially when helichrysum oil is combined with sea buckthorn oil or rosemary verbenone oil. Calendula oil also has excellent wound-healing properties and can be combined with helichrysum oil along with lavender.

The subconscious benefits of this wonder oil should not be discounted. Helichrysum oil is an effective energy releaser, which means it has an impact on emotional blockages. It can restore emotional freedom and stability when those elements are buried in stressful thoughts and perceptions. Open up your heart and senses by blending helichrysum essential oil with pure essences of rose, lime, sage, neroli, orange, petitgrain, and ylang ylang oil.

REFERENCES

1. Dawn, Julie. 2011. “Helichrysum italicum Properties”. Helichrysum italicum.com. http://www.helichrysum-italicum.com/properties.html.

2. “Helichrysum italicum”. Wikipedia. Last modified July 12th, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helichrysum_italicum.

3. Butje, Andrea. “Helichrysum Species”. The Aromahead Blog: Aromatherapy Education and Resources. Last modified June 27th, 2008. http://www.aromahead.com/blog/2008/06/27/helichrysum-species/.

4. “Health Benefits of Helichrysum Essential Oil”. Organic Facts. Accessed July 25th, 2014. http://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/essential-oils/health-benefits-of-helichrysum-essential-oil.html.

Carrots have been around the Middle East and throughout Europe for centuries. The Greeks and the Romans were well aware of the medicinal properties of carrot seed essential oil. Vitamin A and carotene were identified by early alchemists who used a mixture of carrot seed oil, bergamot, and lemon oil to treat a variety of skin and stomach disorders. The oil is harvested from the seeds of the wild carrot, Daucus carota, using steam distillation. The plant is also the source for carrot oil.

Also known as Bishop’s Lace, Bird’s Nest, and Queen Anne’s Lace, the wild carrot is a flowering plant in the Apiaceae family. It is native to temperate Europe and West Asia, and has been naturalized in North America [1]. The familiar edible root, which is unmistakably orange, is actually a cultivar, Daucus carota var. sativus, developed by the Dutch during the 17th century [1]. The wild flower that Westerners call Queen Anne’s lace, which decorates bouquets and fills fields with specks of tiny white flowers, was brought to America by English settlers. The leaves are finely detailed and the flowers appear in tiny clusters with a purple floret in the center.

Although both carrot seed oil and carrot oil are available on the market, it is important not to confuse the two. Carrot oil is an infusion of carrot root material in a carrier oil, while carrot seed essential oil is extracted from wild carrot seeds by steam distillation [2]. While carrot oil also has benefits for skin care, in general aromatherapists prefer carrot seed oil because it contains a higher concentration of active compounds. Carrot seed oil contains a-pinene, b-pinene, gamma-terpene, limonene, camphene, sabinene, myrcene, beta bisabolene, carotol and geranyl acetate, and is also rich in carotene and vitamins A and E, antioxidants with benefits for the skin and eyes [3].

Carrot seed oil may be the most underrated essential oil in aromatherapy, but there’s nothing but wellness surrounding this powerful detoxifier and skin rejuvenator. Its soft earthy smell initiates the stress-relieving characteristics in the oil, and when the oil is applied to the skin, epidermal cells are stimulated, which keeps wrinkles in check. Carrot seed oil is known for its ability to alleviate skin problems like acne, eczema, psoriasis, ulcers, weeping sores, and boils. On top of that, the oil has a natural SPF of 38 to 40, so it can be used as a topical sunscreen [2]!

The therapeutic properties of this essential oil are antiseptic, diuretic, carminative, depurative, hepatic, stimulant, vermifuge, and tonic [3]. The oil has a detoxifying effect on the liver, so it fights jaundice while cleaning the digestive system as well as all other essential systems in the body [2].

Carrot seed oil strengthens the mucous membranes, and can help alleviate arthritis, gout, rheumatism, and edema symptoms [3]. This essential oil is well known for revitalizing the skin. Rashes, eczema, and dermatitis are treated with carrot seed oil and the results have been well documented [3].

The oil is an essential ingredient in vapor therapy, which boosts the respiratory system. When the oil is massaged into the skin or diluted in a bath it relieves muscle pain and increases the production of red blood cells [3]. When carrot seed oil is blended with bergamot, juniper, lavender, lemon, lime, cedarwood, geranium, and other citrus and spicy oils, the results range from complete body detoxification to relieving fluid retention, which helps anorexia sufferers.

Essential carrot seed oil is non-toxic, but should be avoided during pregnancy and by people with asthma or epilepsy, since it tends to be very stimulating [2]. It’s a natural skin toner and tanning agent, so it’s the perfect anti-aging oil as well as an anti-wrinkle agent. Even though it is not promoted as a “Fountain of Youth,” the Romans and Greeks thought it was, and that thought is still in the minds of people around the world.

REFERENCES

1.“Daucus carota”. Wikipedia. Last modified July 28th, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daucus_carota.

2. “Carrot Seed Oil”. Carrot Museum. Accessed July 31st, 2014. http://www.carrotmuseum.co.uk/carrotoil.html.

3. “Health Benefits of Carrot Seed Oil”. Organic Facts. Accessed July 31st, 2014. http://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/essential-oils/carrot-seed-essential-oil.html.

Some experts say that the bergamot tree is native to Southeast Asia and it was introduced to Europe years later, but others say its ancestral home was Greece. Regardless of its origin, the strange cross between a lime and orange tree (although some say orange and grapefruit tree) has made the Calabria region of Italy famous.

Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) is an evergreen tree believed to be a cross between the sweet orange and another type of citrus tree. It has small white flowers that blossom in winter, and yellow, slightly pear-shaped fruits that are harvested for use in cuisine and the perfume industry [1]. Calabria in Italy is currently the largest producer of bergamot, producing 80% of the world’s supply; other major bergamot-producing countries are France, Côte D’Ivoire, and southern Turkey (Anatolia) [1].

The Greeks say the name comes from a Turkish word that means “the lord’s pear,” but the Italians say the name comes from the town where the bergamot was first sold, which is Bergamo in Lombardy, Italy. Bergamot oil got its reputation from the perfume and toiletry industry, but the fruit has been used for years in Earl Gray Tea. Though the fruit pulp is not known to be edible, the juice and peel of bergamot are used in flavoring applications: bergamot adds flavor to Turkish delight, baked goods, marmalade and snus (a kind of smokeless tobacco popular in Norway and Sweden)[1].

The bergamot’s peel also plays an important part in aromatherapy oil treatments. The essential oil is composed of several chemical constituents like limonene, linalool, a-bergaptene, myrcene, b-bisabolene, linalyl acetate, neryl acetate, nerol, geraniol, a-terpineol, and geraniol acetate [2]. These compounds give bergamot oil powerful analgesic as well as antibiotic and antiseptic qualities [3]. Bergamot oil can be a quick pick-me-up when minor depression, stress, and tension develop after a long day of tedious work, or when a major event spoils positive expectations.

When bergamot is used in burners it helps relieve respiratory issues, and when the oil is blended into a cream it’s used for cuts, acne, cold sores, psoriasis, and chicken pox [4]. Bergamot can cause photosensitivity, so when the essential oil is used in massage, the sun should be avoided for at least 24 hours after application [3]. Ingesting too much bergamot in tea can block potassium absorption, so caution and common sense rule when bergamot is present in a drink.

The therapeutic properties of the oil are antiseptic, antibiotic, analgesic, stomachic, calmative, antidepressant, digestive, anti-spasmodic, cicatrisant, deodorant, vermifuge, vulnerary and febrifuge [3]. Bergamot oil is used to treat fear, hysteria, tension, stress, depression and anorexia, plus hair loss and all types of skin infections [4].

Bergamot oil has a powerful effect on the stomach, spleen, and liver, and a positive effect on the urinary track, which helps control urinary infections and inflammation like cystitis. Bergamot blends well with other essential oils like geranium, clary sage, rosemary, cypress, frankincense, black pepper, mandarin, orange, jasmine, sandalwood, nutmeg, vetiver, and ylang-ylang.

Oily skin conditions as well as compulsive eating, postnatal depression, anxiety, SAD, PMS, and the general feeling of being fed-up with life can be treated with a bergamot massage or bath; besides depression and stress-related conditions, the bergamot oil vapor can also relieve respiratory issues [3].

Bergamot oil is still a faithful companion thanks to its sweet, fruity, and spicy floral quality. It’s the Lord’s Prayer for millions of depression and hair loss sufferers!

REFERENCES

1. “Bergamot Orange” Wikipedia. Last modified July 9th, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bergamot_orange.

2. Bouzouita Nabiha, El Omri Abdelfatteh, Kachouri Faten, Casabianca Hervé, Chaabouni Mohamed Moncef. January 2010. “Chemical Composition of Bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso) Essential Oil Obtained by Hydrodistillation.” Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 4: 60-62.

3. Keville, Kathy. “Aromatherapy: Bergamot” HowStuffWorks. Accessed August 1st, 2014. http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/natural-medicine/aromatherapy/aromatherapy-bergamot.htm.

4. Gianni, Annamarie. “Ingredient Showcase: Bergamot Oil, the Problem-Solving Essential Oil”. Annamarie Gianni Skin Care. Last modified April 8th, 2013. http://www.annmariegianni.com/ingredient-showcase-bergamot-oil-the-problem-solving-essential-oil/.

The pursuit of our personal interests often propels us deeper into new territory… and sometimes overwhelming choices.

When you first discover Essential Oil Exchange, you might just be starting to learn about essential oils, aromatherapy, and natural crafting. Whether you have been around the diffuser for a long time or just getting started, great information will be posted here that may be of further assistance to you on your aromatic journey… whether you buy oils from the EOX or not.

If you do choose to purchase essential oils from us, check out any oil we have to offer, and you will find a Certificate of Authenticity on every single essential oil we offer.  As of this writing, we don’t know anyone else who does this.  Everything you ever wanted to know about your essential oil is included, from the method of extraction, to the active components, to the origin of the oil.

And, with such meticulous data at your fingertips, rest assured that I personally take the time to not just source every essential oil EOX has to offer; I visit every one of our suppliers to examine their extraction methods, sourcing, and quality assurance for each of their oils.

Our pure, therapeutic grade essential oils are manufactured under strict GMP conditions.  We’re proud of this fact, especially as just about anyone with a computer, a Square account, and a printer can sell essential oils online.  At EOX, you’re not just buying the best quality essential oils I can find, you’re purchasing two decades of knowledge and experience with essential oils (as of this writing).

I truly want to encourage you to continue learning about essential oils and all the cool things they can be used for… so I’ll post here as often as I can, especially since I started a new category called “The Science of Plants” as a way to expand your knowledge of the plants that go into making the essential oils you adore.  So come back to visit now and then and see what’s new and please share your thoughts, ideas for articles, or even your favorite blends.

Sincerely,
Keith Cleversley & the EOX Team

P.S. If you would like to post a “hello” back and leave a comment, then please do so below. It would be nice to hear from you!

The Romans called fennel the “herb of sight,” and recent studies show that fennel does have potential in treating glaucoma. In India and Pakistan, fennel flavors spicy dishes, and is chewed as an after-meal breath freshener. China combines it with other spices, and the Lebanese use it along with onions and flour in a special omelet recipe called ijjeh. The Germans and Italians mix fennel with avocado and chicory in salads, and it’s even an ingredient in toothpaste. The oil has a sweet-spicy scent similar to anise oil.

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) belongs to the celery family Apiaceae, also known as Umbelliferae [1]. Considered by taxonomists to be the only species in its genus, fennel has feathery green leaves, small yellow flowers, and a swollen basal stem used in cooking for its anise-like flavor. The fennel plant is native to Mediterranean Europe and Southwest Asia, and has been naturalized in North America [1].

Fennel oil contains anethole, which explains why the oil is an essential part of aromatherapy. The polymers in fennel act as phytoestrogens, so the medicinal uses for fennel oil were established centuries ago. The present Chinese pharmacopoeia promotes fennel for vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain [2]. The Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia recommends fennel for flatulent dyspepsia, anorexia, and colic in children [2].

Fennel was also known in medieval Europe as a medicinal herb and a good luck charm. The English word fennel comes from the Middle English fenel or fenyl. This was a distortion of the Latin name foeniculum, which was a diminutive of the word for hay, faenum. So fennel literally means “little hay” because of its hay-like appearance! However, the English believed fennel to be of use to humans as well as livestock: fennel was one of the nine herbs in the Anglo Saxon Nine Herbs Charm used to ward away evil, along with wormwood and thyme.

Modern therapeutic applications for fennel oil are based on the past history of the essential oil as well as established medical reports, phytochemical investigations, and various other studies [2]. The results of those studies have made fennel oil a mainstream component in cough syrups, and carminative component in bowel and stomach remedies. Some people use fennel oil as a diuretic and a treatment for hypertension [2].

The first society to recognize the slimming attributes of fennel oil was ancient Greece. The Greeks drank a cup of fennel tea fifteen minutes before eating a meal and noticed a definite difference in their appetite. They decided that fennel oil fine tuned the digestive system so that food was turned into energy instead of fat.

That thought process is not a myth or old wives’ tale: fennel essential oil does remove blockage that impacts the liver, spleen, gall bladder, kidneys, and stomach [2]. The antimicrobial properties of fennel oil promote weight loss in aromatherapy treatments, and it treats gas, bloating, and indigestion at the same time [2]. Fennel oil may also be beneficial in treating the pain and discomfort associated with dysmenorrhea [3].

The expectorant qualities of the oil thin out excess mucus, which helps treat respiratory issues that reduce energy levels and slow down normal cell regeneration [2]. When energy is not converted to action of some kind, it is stored in adipose cells as fat. Fennel oil stimulates those cells and converts the fat back to energy.

In order to be effective in the fat-burning process, fennel oil impacts the metaphysical portion of the self as well. Fennel essential oil has the ability to enhance personal courage and strength. Those thoughts help the body burn fat [4].

The metaphysical explanation for this fat-burning process is that fennel oil keeps negative energy at bay so that positive energy manifests. The body reacts to positive energy by burning fat stored in cells in the stomach, thighs, and legs. Modern medicine is slowly recognizing metaphysical beliefs, and is using modern tools to measure fennel oil’s effectiveness in promoting weight loss.

REFERENCES

1. “Fennel”. Wikipedia. Last modified August 2nd, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fennel.

2. “Health Benefits of Fennel”. Organic Facts. Accessed August 5th, 2014. http://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/herbs-and-spices/health-benefits-of-fennel.html.

3. Namavar Jahromi B, A Tartifizadeh, S. Khabnadideh. February 2003. “Comparison of fennel and mefenamic acid for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea”. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 80 (2): 153-7.

4. Zappia, Anthony. “Reducing Weight with the Help of Essential Oils”. WellBeing. Last modified July 17th, 2013. http://www.wellbeing.com.au/blog/reducing-weight-with-essential-oils/.

The allspice tree is one of those finicky members of the plant family that only grows in certain areas of the world. Jamaica is well known for allspice tree growth, so much that at one time it was believed that allspice trees grew only on Jamaica! But some South American countries including southern Mexico, the greater Antilles, and areas of central America have also been successful in growing and harvesting allspice berries. Different types of allspice berry oil are made using not only the berries, but the stems and leaves as well.

Allspice is Pimenta dioica, a tropical mid-canopy tree with broad shiny green leaves, white flowers, and tiny round green allspice berries that look like large brown peppercorns when dried [1]. Allspice was the name English settlers gave to the tree based on their belief that the dried fruits tasted like a mix of nutmeg, cinnamon, and cloves, three very popular spices from the Moluccas in Indonesia [1]. Allspice is also called Jamaican pepper, English pepper, pimento, myrtle pepper, and newspice [1].

While ground allspice can be bought in most grocery stores, gourmands often prefer grinding their own whole allspice berries just before using them in recipes, in order to preserve the flavorful essential oils in the dried fruit. With its complex, clove-like flavor, allspice is a staple when it comes to flavoring classic desserts such as pumpkin pie, gingerbread, and pastries [1]. In Middle Eastern countries, allspice is used to flavor curries, and it imparts its sweet-spicy essence to classic Mexican and Caribbean dishes such as molé sauce and Jamaican jerk seasoning [1].

Allspice essential oil is made from the green allspice berries, which are gathered just before they are ripe and then sun dried. When allspice berries are steam distilled, very light and very heavy chemicals emerge, including eugenol, methyl eugenol, cineol, phellandrene, and caryophyllene [2].  Those chemicals are combined in allspice berry oil. Leaves and stems are also used to produce allspice oil, but the berry distillation process produces better oil. The end product doesn’t contain as much eugenol, so it’s kinder to sensitive skin.

The initial harvest of green allspice fruit takes place when the trees are eight years old. Ripe fruit loses its scent, so there is a time element involved in producing quality allspice essential oil from the soon-to-be-ripe fruit. Essential allspice berry oil can be combined with leaf and stem oil as well as clove oil. This mixture produces a fiery oil, and it should be used with care.

For centuries allspice berry oil has been used to treat insect bites, headaches, colds, muscle distress, aching joints, indigestion, and sinus issues [2]. It’s well known for its antioxidant value [3], so long-term users stand behind the claims that the oil reduces the signs of aging. Allspice berry oil is used to improve vision, to stop hair loss, improve hearing, and to relieve nervousness and mild anxiety [2]. The analgesic and anesthetic properties provided by the tannins in allspice berry oil [4], as well as the warming, cheering, and comforting effects of the oil, make it a rock star in the aromatherapy world.

The warm, spicy-sweet aroma, and balsamic body note of allspice cultivate a scent of pepper, nutmeg, clove, and cinnamon. Allspice berry oil is frequently combined with lavender, ginger, geranium, ylang-ylang, neroli, sweet orange, bergamot, and patchouli to enhance its healing properties, improve sleep patterns and to bring a sense of euphoria to each moment in the now.

The possible cancer-preventing as well as the carcinogen-inhibiting qualities of the oil [3], plus the antibacterial, digestive, and circulation benefits of allspice essential oil [2] puts it in a unique class of aromatherapy oils that have an impact on the physical, mental, and spiritual aspects of the human psyche.

Allspice berry oil is used in a mist spray form as well as a massage oil and an inhaler. Steam inhalation and adding the oil to a bath are also popular ways to use this versatile oil that can reduce cellulite, relax the body, relieve cold symptoms, and reduce annoying flatulence. Care should be used when working with allspice oil topically, as the eugenol content means it can be irritating to sensitive skin as well as mucous membranes [5]. Allspice oil should always be diluted in a carrier oil before use. People with hemophilia or liver disease should consult a doctor before using allspice berry oil [5].

In this modern age, allspice berry oil tops the list of natural aromatherapy essential oils that can help the cells regenerate without frustrating side effects.

REFERENCES

1. “Allspice”. Wikipedia. Last modified June 11th, 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allspice.

2. “Allspice Essential Oil (Pimento Berry/Leaf)”. AromaWeb. Accessed August 13th, 2014. http://www.aromaweb.com/essential-oils/allspice-oil.asp.

3. Zhang, Lei, and Bal L. Lokeshwar. December 2012. “Medicinal Properties of the Jamaican Pepper Plant Pimenta dioica and Allspice”. Current Drug Targets 13(14): 1900-1906.

4. Millehan, Jan. “What Are the Health Benefits of Allspice?” Livestrong.com. Accessed August 13th, 2014. http://www.livestrong.com/article/408917-what-are-the-health-benefits-of-allspice/.

5. Tisserand, Robert, and Rodney Young. 2013. Essential Oil Safety: A Guide for Health Professionals. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone.